MRI TMJ ANATOMY

 The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a crucial joint that connects the mandible (lower jaw) to the temporal bone of the skull. Here's a more detailed look at its anatomy:Components of the TMJ

1. Bones:

   • Mandible: The lower jaw, specifically the head of the mandible, which fits into the joint.
   • Temporal Bone: The skull bone that houses the glenoid fossa (the socket for the joint) and the articular tubercle.

2. Articular Disc:

   • A fibrocartilaginous disc that sits between the mandibular head and the temporal bone. It helps absorb shock and facilitates smooth movement.

3. Joint Capsule:

   • A fibrous capsule that encloses the joint, providing stability and allowing for movement.

4. Ligaments:

   • Lateral (temporomandibular) Ligament: Provides lateral support and limits excessive movement.
   • Sphenomandibular Ligament: Connects the sphenoid bone to the mandible.
   • Stylomandibular Ligament: Connects the styloid process of the temporal bone to the mandible.

5. Muscles:

   • Masseter: Elevates the mandible and is key for chewing.
   • Temporalis: Elevates and retracts the mandible.
   • Pterygoid Muscles: (medial and lateral) Allow for lateral movement and depression of the mandible.

Movements of the TMJ

The TMJ allows for various movements, including:

• Hinge Movement: Opening and closing the mouth.
• Gliding Movement: Forward and backward movements of the jaw.
• Lateral Movements: Side-to-side motion for grinding food.

Common Disorders

TMJ disorders can lead to symptoms such as:

• Pain in the jaw, neck, or face.
• Clicking or popping sounds when moving the jaw.
• Difficulty chewing or opening the mouth fully.